Machine for forming containers from plastic material



March 12, 1929. F. w. MCARDLE 1,705,024

MACHINE FOR FORMING CONTAINERS FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed-Aug. 17, 1927 s Shets-Sheet 1 Q n;

I q I O S a F 1 ak K 4 4' z March 12 1929.

F. w. MQARDLE MACHINE FOR FORMING CONTAINERS FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Au 1'7. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet mgcnms FOR FORMING CONTAINERS FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL 5 Sheets-Sheet F. W. M ARDLE Filed Aug. 17, 1927 March 12, 1929. 1,705,024

"Adams FOR ronume CONTAINERS FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL F. w. MCARDLE Filed Aug- 17, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 March 12, 1929 F.' w. McARDLE MACHiNE FOR FORMING CONTAINERS FROM PLASTIC MATERIAL Filed Aug. 1'7, 192'? 5 Sheets-Sheet Patented Mar. 12, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENTAQFFICE.

I rum) w. MGARDLE, 0F BOSTON, MAslsAcHUsE'rrs, ASSIGNOR To ram) 1.. mean, on;

- EAST nosrou, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR FORMING CONTAINERS rRoM PLASTIC MA RIAL:

Application filed. August 17, 1927. Serial no. 213,582.

My invention relates to machines for forming hollow ware from wood pulp andthe like, and particularly to the classof machines in wnich such articles as caskets, bath-tubs and the like are molded on a foraminated former. from liquid wood pulp.

l-Ieretofore in machines of this character, diliicultics have been experienced which operated against efficiency and rapidity ofproduction, and it is my object to provide means for overcoming the difficulties hereinafter noted, and to provide a machine that shall be both eflici'ent and rapidin operation. v

One type of machine used for the purpose stated, comprises a plurality of platens slidable within the walls of the machine and actuated by hydraulic rams toward a foraminated former,f0r the purpose of expressing surplus waterfrom a charge of liquid pulp admittedto the machine; Aj shell is thus deposited on the former, and the uniformity of thickness of the walls of the shell depends upon the pressure transmitted by the rams to the unit areas of the platens, operates to produce an uneven thickness of thewalls of the shell deposited onthe former, and to over come this difficulty, I provide means by which a uniform movement is imparted to the platens regardless of the exact ratio between particular platens and their actuating rams.

- This I do by connecting the rams in such manner that excess pressure on a particular platen'is transmitted through the connectlons to the other platens to equalize the movement thereof, and thus produce a shell with walls of uniform thickness;

Unless pulp in a liquid state is continuously agitated or keptiin motion, the solid matter will settle, and in the formation of articles of the nature referred to, where there is a material interval between charges of pulp, it is es scnt'al that the pulp valvebe of a character that will cause minimum interference with the continuous circulation of the liquid pulp in the supply ducts; permit quick operation to charge the machine; when seated be approximately even with the inner wall of themachine; and with a minimum of space in-whieh pulp may settle. To meet these requirements, I provide a pulp valve in which the body is formed to permit free circulation there through when the valve is closed, and when it is open, the full supply of pulpaccordingto into the machine.

thecapacity of the supply duct, is discharged When the molded article is of relatively hand operations. This has slowed down the production, and to that extent interfered with the efiiciency of the machine. To obviate this difiiculty, I provide automatic means by which the shell is transferred from the position in which ithas been-discharged under the machine, and deposited beyond'the machine in a position from which it may be transported to a suitable dry kiln,the'means used returning to normal position to receive a succeeding shell.

- My invention consists in the novel construction and operation of the means for attaining the above objects, and in the accompanying specifications and claims, and the drawings forming a part thereof, I have described and illustrated my invention in detail.

In the drawings Y Fig.1 showsa sectional elevation of a machine of the character described in which my inventionis embodied. i- Fig. 2is a fragmentary end view inwhich' the pulp valve isshown in relative position to the rams for one side platen. I Fig.3is a fragment showing in section the supporting platenfor the former andstripper. Fig. 42 is a plan of the locking means for the supporting platen. I

Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation enlarged,

of thepulp valve, with valve closed to the machine. r r r p Fig. 6 is a sectional plan of same with valve open to admit pulp to the machine.

Fig. 7 is an end View showing the relation of the inlet and the outlet to the return duct of the circulatory system;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side elevationof-the transfer device.

Fig. 9 1s a fragmentary end view of same.

the supporting platen is near its lowest posi- 7 tion, and the pawl carried thereby, about to open the hydraulic valve to the ram cylinder.

" Fig. 13 shows-the position of parts when the hydraulicvalveis in closed position preceding reversal ofthe hydraulic current.

Flg. 14 shows the positlon of parts at the beginning of the return movement of the transferring device.

In the drawin s one t e of machine is illustrated in which such contalners as cas-,

kets, tubs and the like are formed from hquid pulp, but my invention is applicable to other types of machines for the same purpose. In connection with the specifications of my invention, a brief description of the machine illustrated is essential to a clear understanding. The particular typeof chine illustrated comprises a bed plate 20 and i a cover member 21 which are spaced apart by plate is formed with a central opening,

' be dropped as will be hereinafter described.

means of corner elements 22 which form thereby, chambers 28, 24 in which are slidable the platens 26, 27 perforated at 29 to permit the escape of surplus water extracted from the pulp mass admitted to the machine. The cover member is formed with the walled opening 24, slidable in which is the platen 28 of similar character to those described. Each platen is adapted to be reciprocated in their particular chambers by means of rams, the

cylinders of which 30, 31,32 are secured to the bed plate 20 and the cover member 21. There is thus a plurality of chambers each having a movable polygonal wall. The bed through which the formed article is discharged from the machine, and the platen 33 serves as a closure thereto and as a supporting means for the former element as will be presently described. The platen which will hereinafter be referred to as the supporting platen, is adapted to be locked to the bed plate 20 by suitable .mcans such as are shown in Fig. 4 in which the bars 34 arelinked to the crank plates 35, and these in turn to the plate 36, thehandle 37 supplying means for operating. When in locked position, the bars engagegroovcs in the bed plate as at 340, and when retracted, the supporting platen may Supported on the supporting platen 33 is a forming element 38 conforming outwardly to. the shape of the interior of the article to be formed. This forming element is constructed with walls perforated as described in connection with the forming platens, through which surplus liquid may escape from similarly foraminatedsurfaces of the forming element. Loosely supported by the supporting platen and surroundingthe for1ning element, is a stripper 39 on which the formed article rests as it is discharged from themachine. In the process of moulding a pulp article, fluid pulp is admitted to the machine through a pulp valve A which will be presently described,-and fills the chambers 23, 24, 25 of the machine, the forming platens being withdrawn. lVater under high pressure is admitted to the ram cylinders through the hydraulic supply pipe 40, admission to which from the hydraulic main 42 is controlled by a valve 41. This valve is preferably ofthe three way type which will per- Init the discharge of the water from the ram cylinders when the rams have performed their work, the waste water passing through the pipe 43 to the waste pipe 44. The total pressure on the rams connected to a particular platenis distributed to unit areas on the forming surface, and the resulting pressure per unit area of any particular forming platen istherefore dependent on the ratio between its total area and the combined area of the ram surfaces on which hydraulic pressure acts to operate the particular forming platen.

Any variation therefore in the ratios between.

the areas of the several forming platens and their actuating rams, will operate hydraulically on the other rams through the respective forming platens, thus causing a variation in the thickness ofthe walls of the container deposited on the central forming ele ment. To obviate this difficulty I have connected the several rams by means of gearing which insures uniform action of the ramsand an equal advancement ofthe several platens. The shafts 45, '46, 47, 48 are operatively connected by means of bevel gears 49, 50, 51, a countershaft 52 serving to transmit movement to the shaft 48 from one of'the shafts 46 operating in connection with the side rams. On these shafts are secured the'pinions 53, 54, 55, 56 respectively meshing with racks rigid with the several rams as at 57. As the hydraulic power is applied the rams thus move uniformly inward, excess reactionary pressure on any forming platen being transn'litted to all other platens and rams, and the uniform advancement of. the forming platens exert pressure on the enclosed mass of liquid pulp and surplus water is expressedand a shell. of semi solid pulp is deposited on the forming element. The valve 41 being rotated. at this time to discharge position, the rams together with the forming platens are withdrawn to normal starting position by .any suitable means, here indicated in the form of a coun terbalance 60 supported by the cable 59 secured to a sheave58, rigid with one of the gear shafts. As hereinbefore stated it is essential that the valve controlling the supply of pulp to the machine shall be of a character to insure quick action in opening and minimum. r

. To secure the best results, it is advisable that a valve of the character described be interposed in a circulatory system from and to the source of pulp supply, in order that there shall be constantmovement of the liquid pulp during the intervals between charges. In Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 I have shown a valve embodying the characteristics above noted. body 65 is secured to the side wall of the chamber 24 through which there is an opening for theadmission of pulp. The seat 66 is shown as a separate element for economic reasons but might be integral with the body or formed in the wall 2 The valve body 65 has an inlet connecting the chambered interior with the circulating system from the source of pulp supply, by means of the'duct 67'. Fitted to the body, fluid-tight, is the offset duct 68 to which is connected the pipe 69 through which pulp may pass to the pulp main back to the source of supply. In effect the body 6'? and the offset duct 6Sv constitute a single connecting element in the circulatory system. The plunger valve 7 O normally seats in the element 66, its end being faced to align approximately with the inner face of the wall 24. The stem 71, rigid with the valve 70, is slid-able in the bearing'72 and the packing gland 7 3. Hinged to the outerend of the valve stem at 7 at is the lever 7 5 to one end of which is swivelled the link 76, correspondingly swivelled at 7 7 to the projection 78 from the offset member 68. In the other directiomthe lever 7 5 is extended at 7 9 to form'a handle by means of which the valve may be shifted. The inner end of the offset element 68 is formed with a seat 80 and the plunger valve with a corresponding portion 81 and when the valve handle is operated to admit pulp to the machine, thevalve is seated at 80, closing the outlet through the of]? set nember 68, and permitting the full capacity of the inlet duct 67 to discharge intothe interiorof the machine, as shown in Fig. 6, thus filling the chambers in which the forming platens form each a wall. Vhen the action is reversed, the valve is seated as shown in Fig. 5 and'the full pulp current circulates through the offset member back to the circulatory system to the source of supply. By this means there is a uniform and uninterrupted flow of liquid pulp fromthe source of supply to the valve and therethrough insuring a supply of pulp to the machine of uniform consistency, which is the object required. Referring now to the formed shell deposited .onthe forming element 38, Figs. 1, '2, 3. When ready to discharge from the machine, the supporting platen 33 is released, the bars 34: being withdrawn as explained into the slots 85' formed in the supporting platen which is mounted on the ramcolumn 86. The

The

column together with the supporting-platen, the foraminated former and the formed "pulp shell resting onthe stripper,may now doscend for the purpose of'discharging the shell. The ram is operated by hydraulic means in the cylinder 37, Fig. 3, as follows The pipe 88 to the 3 way valve 89 operates in the samemanner as valve 411. described,

peri'nittiug water under pressure to enter the lower end of the cylinder 87, and the ram is supported in its raised position duringthe interval inwhich the shell is being formedin the machine. hen readyto discharge, the valve isoperated to permit the ram and its supported elements todescend under the control of the operator, the contentsof the cylinder escaping through the waste pipe 90 to the waste main 44. The device by means of which the shell is removed outside the limits of'the machine, and which will presently be described, in normal'position, is so disposed,

that as the ram and the supporting platen descend, the stripper 39 engages with and is supported by elements of the device, without interfering with the continued descent of the ram, the supporting platen and the foraminated former, which. is thus drauurfrom the shell to a position below the stripper. As the ram approaches its lowest position, a pawl swiveled on the supporting platen engages 9 means by which the transfer device is operated to remove the shell, deposit it outside. the limits of the machine and return to normal position carrying the stripper 39. The valve 89 is new operated to apply pressure to the ram cylinder 87, and as the ram rises, the supporting platen picks up the stripper '39 and the combination of supporting platen, forammated former andstripper is raised to normal operating position in which the supporting'platen is locked to the machine in readiness for forming another shell. The device for removing the shell and depositing it outside the limits of the inachine'is applicable to machines of other types than the one shown, but may best be described in connection with the particular machine illustrated in Fig. 1 and of which it forms an essential part for the reasons hereinbefore stated.

Referring to the enlarged views of the de vice, Figs. 8 and 9, the radius levers 95, 96 are secured respectivelyto the shafts 97, 98 which are journale'd in the supporting stand.- ards of the machine. These levers and other supporting andlocking details are duplicated the same distance as the shailt-s laterally.

the frame 102. The normal position of the.

combined with rigidity.

tion, and as the levers are swung on the axes of the shafts,-the beam 100 moves in parallel 102, the purpose of which will he presently (ilesc-ribed, is formed with an inwardly projectin g led go 103, and is swiveled to the beam 100, at 10 1, and this point of support is so disposed that the center of gravity of the loaded frame normally falls below the center of the swivel joint, which insures stability of the loaded frame as it is swung on 95, 96. To provide against rocking of the frame as the transferring operation is in progress, Iproride a frictional contactbetween the beam 100 and the frame 102, by any suitable means, here shown as through leaf springs 105, preferably secured to the beam'and yieldingly engaging frame when not in action is governed by n'ieans of anabutment 106 secured to one or both of the supporting standards99, and en shell. The supporting platen together with the foraminated former 38 continuesto descend, to a position in which the former is clear of the path of movement of the stripper when it is swung to transfer the shell. At this time the operator lays a rack on the shell which has been molded bottom up. This rack C is preferably constructed from longitudinal wood strips 0' to which are secured at either end the crossbars C also of wood, the construction being such that lightness is After the shell is discharged from the machine as described and the rack is placed, the operation of transferring and depositing the shell in a reversed position on a suitable support beyond the limits of the machine, and the transferring device returned to normal position together with the stripper, is automatic in action. It is first necessary to clamp the stripper to the frames 102, and the racks C to the shell to form with the frames a ri 'id unit. In providing for the clamping means, it is essential that they be so disposed that the supporting platen may descend without interference, that they will not engage the deposited shell as the device returns to normal position, and that the clamping means for the stripper shall be rele sed to permit the supporting platen to pick the stripper from the ledges 103 as it rises to position in which another shell is to be formed, Swiveled to the rear lower cornor of each. frame 102, is the dog 107, the opposite corners being provided with hearings in which are journaled the cross shaft 108 to which is secured similar dogs 109, both dogs ltli' and 109 being adapted to engage and hold to the frames 102, clamping the stripper to the ledges 103. The link 110is'swivelled at either end to the arms 111 rigid with the cross shaft 1 8, and the arm 112 rigid with the stud 113, to which the dog 107 is also rigidly secured. The arm 112 is downwardly extended, and when the device is in position to receive a shell, the dogs are withdrawn from the path of the descending platen and stripper, by means of a step 115 secured to one or both the supporting standards 99, engaging the extension of the arm 112, the spring 114 exerting a. yielding tension to draw the dogs 10'? into clai'nping position relative to the st ipper 39, as the device is started in its 01 eration of transferring the shell. Through the medium of the link 110 the dogs 109 are similarly operated tocl'ainp the opposite side of the stripper. The upper corners of each frame 102 are similarly provided with dogs lltl jonrnaled on the stud 117, projecting from the frame 102, and similar dogs 118 rigid with the cross shaft 119, journaled in the frames 102. The dogs 116 and 1 18 are formed with downwardly extending arms 120, to which are swiveled the links 121, which are also swiveled to the rock lever 122 journaled on the stud 123 outwardly projecting from the frame 102,the spring 124; operating to retainthe dogs in normal withdrawn position relative to the rack C on which they act. Each of the dogs is pro vided with a blade 125 which is adapted to engage the cross bars C of the rack C near the ends, and when in e 'agement to exert a yielding pressure suiiicient to retain the rack in engagement with the shell B, and to cooperate with the frames 102 and the stripper 39 to insure stability as the transferringdevice is operated. Swiveled to one of the standards 99 is a swinging abutment 127, limited in its movement in'onedirection by the stop pin 128. The rock lever 122 is provided with an extension 126, and as the transferring device is operated this extension engages the abutment 127, and rotating on its links 121 to clamp the rack to the shell 13.

As the transferring device'is operated by means hereinafter described, the radius levers 95, 96 are operated to'swing the frames 102 in a path predetermined by the arcs through which the levers swing. As the device is started, the action of the spring 11 1 operates to clamp the stripper 39 to the led ges 103, as the frames recede from the abutment 115 and the entension of the lever 112 is released from engagement therewith. As the movement of the levers continues, the 6X- the stripper 39 in position relative stud, operates through'the medium of the V tension 126 of the rock lever 122 engages the abutment 127, and assumes the position" shown in Fig. 10 in which the dogs are in clamping position-relative to the rack C, and the hinged joints of the links 121 arerespeo tively aligned with the centerof rotation of and the frames 102 with its'load is partially" rotated. about the center of rotation 10t'as shown at D Fig. 10.. :As the moven'ientof the levers 95, 96 continue, the arm 130 en'' gages the abutment 132 and the loaded'frame is rotated to the position indicated at :E, at

which time the shell is in a nearly reversed posit1on,and the rack C atone side in close relation to bolsters 133 supported 011 the flooror foundation outside the limits of the machine. For these bolsters may be-substi-, tuted a truck or other support. As the shell approaches the bolster, the rock lever en gages thestop 134 which in this case is se-- cured to the bolster, and continued swing of the levers 95, operates "inconnection with the stop to rotate the rock lever in the reverse direction of looking, to release the, blades of the dogs 1'16, 118 fromthe rack G at the approximate moment of contact with" the bolsters of the rack members G.

shell is released and the rack supportingit' rests on the bolsters, the movement of the ra--- dius arms is reversed and the arm 130 engagesthe abutment 182 as the transferring device starts on its return swing. This is made possible 1n the following manner WVhenthe arm 130" ceases engagement wlth 'the-abutment132 during the transferring process, the shell B as stated is in a nea-rly reversed position in which one edge'of the rack G is about to engage the bolsters 133. WVhen this occurs the shell together with the three armed member is rotated to a com pletely reversed position,and the arm 130 is thus brought to a position in which it -will" engage with the under side of the abutment- 132 as the device is swung back to normal position. The frame is thus rotated in a reverse direction, and the arm 130 engaging. the abutment 131, completes therotation to normal position relative tothe' frames 102,

and the stripper 39 in clamped position. As the transferring device approaches the nor lma'l loading position shown at F, Fig; 10, the rock lever 122 which is now in unlocked position, engages the-backside of the swing ing abutment 127 whichis swungv on its stud 135', as shown by dotted lines, the lever As the" passing on and the abutment swinging back to place against the pin 128, the device coma ing torest against the abutment 106, and the 7 extension of the arm 112 engaging the abut-- ment- 115, thus releasing the" dogs '10? and 109 from-clamping engagement -with the stripperB-S. Tooperate the transferring de-'- vice throughout its cycle, I prefer to employ automatic; means, and havesliow'n such means in the drawings, but do not 'confineimyself to the type of construction shown asfother means within the scopeof the claims may be hydraulic connections 142, 1 13 connecting a body l ltin which are four passages connecting with-a central passage in which is rotatable a plug valve 147'; Two of the passages-in the valve body areconnected by the used to accomplish the same object; Asshown in thedrawings, Figs. 1, 7, 11, I employ a hydraulic ram 140, .reciprocatinginthe cylinder 1 11,p1'ovided ateach end withwith a four way. valve; This valve con'iprises pipes 1 12 and" 14-3 with opposite ends of the;

ram cylinder '1411,'and the other two-respectively with the hydraulic-main lz through the pipe 145,- and the waste-main 44 through I the pipe 140. The plug 147' is fitted fluid' tight in thebody 14 1, Figs. 11-14, and is provided with duplicate ducts therethro-ugh so disposed that either may align with the hydraulic supply and one' end of the ram 'cylinder inlet pipe, while theother duct aligns with th'epip'es leading from the other end of the cylinder,*andfthewaste pipe. Rigid with the projecting stem of-the plu is theplate-14c8, on the-periphery of whic is formed teeth corresponding-relativcly with the duct openings through the plug; Pawls' 149- and .150' areswi-veled respectivelyto the pawl arms 151 and 152, springs 153 main-I taining contact of thepawls with the periphcry of the'plate 1e8,"which functions a's'a the shaft. 97 is-an arm 154, and links 155 and 156 arehi nged to the arm and'to the respec-- ratchet through whichthe plug is rotated by v the itCtlOll of the engagmgpawl's. Rigid with p g tive pawl arms 151 and 152, which are in such relation that the movementof the radius] levers when in the operation of transferring, r V

operates through the connections described, to *swmgthe pawlarms through an arc of 90 degrees, the pawls engaging-the ratchet 1n the mannerto be presently describ'edif In' order that the." transferring device maybe automatically operated, it. is necessarythat the Valve plug, normally in closed position during the moulding of 'a'shell, b'ezopen'ed to admit water to the ram cylinder, andtojso dispose the pawl arms and respective pawls: relative to the ratc-het,'tha-t at the end of the transferring movement of theradius leversf 1 the operation of the ram'jwillbe reversed and 1 as thetransferring device returns to normal position for receiving another shell, the

valve must be closed 'untilthe shell is de posited on the ledges of the frame. 102. In order that the valve may be automatically opened, it is necessary to employ means sep:

7 lever 174:, and, rotatable therewith.

arate from the transferring device itself, as no movement of the pawl arms is possible 7 until the radius arms are in motion. Refer-j ring to- Figs. 11, 12', 13, therain 1 10 is provided with the stem 160, to which is secured the forked member 161 in which is journaled the roll 162, engaging the slot 163 in the lever 164 connected as will bep'resently described with the shaft 97which as explained is rigid with the arm 154i and theradius arm 95.

The means for opening the valve in order to start the transferring operation is as fol- "lows -Swiveled to the supporting platen 33 and contiguous to the hydraulic valve is the pawl 170 journaled 011 therprojecting stud 171. As the supporting platen descends l utilize its movement to initially operate the hydraulic valve to admit water to the ram cylinder through the pipe 142. Secured .to.

'ing Yyieldingly held in a raisedpcsition in which it will intersect. therotative path of i In order that this interval may be reduced the lever 174 by a spring172, whichretains the pawl against the'stop pin 173., Vhen thesus ortin i )laten 38 is near its downward limit of movement, and the foran iinated former has been withdrawn from the shell and is clear. of the stripper 39, this pawl-engages and rotates the lever on its stem to a position in whichtheduct 147?;155 aligned ,with theopenings in the body connecting by the pipe 145 with the hydraulic supply, and by the pipe 142 with the ram cylinder at the end next the retracted ram. The duct 14?" 'is correspondingly aligned with connections 'to the other end of the cylinder and the waste main 4,4. The pawl 149 which previousto the action of the lever 17 1 engaged the periphery of the ratchet 14:8,is now in engagement with the tooth 14.8, and as the ram operates through connections hereinbefore described to sw ng the shaft 971 and through other cone nections the leadedframe 102,,the plug 147 ,is rotated by means of the connections to the a pawl arm 151. As the valve is rotated in the direction of the arrow Fig. 11, therfiow of water eitl'ier toor from the cylinder temporarily interrupted as the respective ducts are closed to the passages through.thehody.

' to a, minimum, I have relieved theinterior of the moving partsztoact in conjunction with thei l ow ng. t pmme transferring action, before openingthe valve for the purpose of reversing the ZtCtlOIlOf the ram. During theiinterval in whichthe valve 1s closed. as shown in Fig. 13, it is obvious that as neither the outlets nor the in-' lets to the rain cylinder are open, that the ram is stopped in itsniovement either way, and' to provide for this condition Ihave connected the slotted lever16 1 to the shaft 97.

yieldingly. so that the momentum of the loaded frame 102 will operate to continue the swing of the shaft to which is rigidly secured the arm 154., by means of which the valve is operated through the connections hereinbefore described. {A means to secure this 11381111315 as follows:Se-cured to the shaft 97.11g1d1y 18 a collar 165 formed with a projecting lug 166. Projecting from the will operate on the shaft 97. tc continue the swing of theluglGG, thus compressing one ofthe springs 168, asthe lever 164i connected totheram resists. The connections for oper atingthe valve'are operative meanwhile, and- "the valve is-openedto admit pressureto the ramto return the transferring device to normal position. The springsialso operate .to

cushionlthe moving parts ateach end of travehand the adjusted position of thestop 106 is such that the compression of the spring 168 at that end of the travel. only suliicient Z adapted to to prevent leakage iofthe valve and insure f completed :its downward movement. and. the

complete closure. Fig. 11 shows the position, a of the parts as the supportingplaten has pawl-170 has operated in connection" withthe leverlYei to open thevalve andv start the,

cycle of transferring operation.v VJ hen the duct 14'? has been operated to reverse the hydraulic action on the ram, as

the pawl 150, and which has been withdrawn dur ng-the previous partof the cycle, is now in position to operate on the toot-11.149" to rotate the ratchet and the pluglsi. to the position shown'in. Fig-.12 when the tran againstj hydraulic current through 1 e ther.

The valve .89 is now'opened to admit tonormal position for-:theforming of a shell,

picksup the stripperi39, thetransferringi I device remaining at rest untilstarted by the the shellis deposited, the arm 152 to whichis swiveled,

iydraulic pressure tozthe/ bottom end gcf, the; h v ra m 86, and the supporting :platen as it"ri of the valve body,;and relyi'ontheimomentum;

1 descendingplaten'after the shell has been formed. Attention is called to thefactthat in the second cycle of transferring.[opera-' tionsducts 147 and 145'" reve 'se functions, and to provide for such intermittent action I provide the arm 174E integral with the arm 174: .and functioning in similar manner in termittently.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a machine for formingreceptacles from wood or other liquid pulp,.and including as elements a foraminated former, aplurality of'ccmprcssor platens disposed thereabout and radially slidable therewith, each actuated by an independent hydraulically operated ram; the combination therewith of means operating on all the rams whcrebythe and respectively rotatable with shafts geared together to rotate in unison as the hydraulic pressure is applied to the rains; for the puriose of CODtI'OIIH'I the movement oi the rains I m to secure uniform radialadvaiiceineiit of the;

individual compressor platens toward the former as and for the purpose described.

In combination with a machine of the character described, a chambered element rigid with one wall of the machine; an inlet to the chamber; a ductconnecting the inlet with a source of pulp supply, and through which a continuous and uniform current of liquid pulp may flow; anoutlet from the chamber through which the pulp may be discharged into the machine; an outlet through which thepulp may be discharged ai d-re-, turned to the source of supply; a plunger movable within the chamber and adapted to function as closure to either outlet; and

means exterior to the chamber, by: which the plunger may be operated to close either out let.

character described, a chambered element 5 rigid with one wall ofthe machine; an inlet to the chamber; 'a-duct connecting the inlet with a sourceof pulp supply, and through which a continuous and uniform currentof liquid pulp may flow; an outlet from the chamber through which pulp may be dis-- charged into the machine; an'outlet through which the pulp maybe disch rged and returned to the source of supply; a plunger movable within the chamber and formed with one 'face which will be. approximately in alignment with the interior wall of the machine'when functioning as a'cl'osureto the outlet thereto; another face adapted to function as a closure to the other outlet; and

4. In combination witha machine of the means exterior to the chamber by which the plunger may be operated to close either outlet thereby'opening the other.

5. In a machine for mould 'ng containers from plastic material, and including as ele+ ments a chamber to receive plastic material;

a movable platenconstituting one side thereof; a former havin foraminous walls supported by the platen; a stripper supported .by the platen and surrounding. the base of the former; and means for lowering the platen for the purpose of discharging the formed article from the machine; the combination I therewith of automatic means for transferring the dicharg'ed article .beyondtlie limits of the machine. I 7 I 6. In a machine of the character described charged article in a reversed position beyond the limits of the mach ne.

1 7. In a machineof the character described. iii claim 5, the combination. therewith, of au-' 1 tomatic means for transferring the dis charged articles beyond the limits of the main claim 5, the combination therewith of au- .tomaticmeans for transferring the dischine, coordinated with the discharging ac- Y tion of the machine. v 1. Y

' .8. In a machine of the character described in claim 5, the combinationtherewith of autoinatic means fortransferringthe discharged article beyond the limits of the niach1ne,'the

operation of whichis controlled-bythe dis charging device. K

9. In a machine for moulding receptacles IlOll'l plastic material a transferring device for removing the discharged article beyond 7 through predetermined arcs on axes parallel and intersecting the macliine supports near their bases,. .an d equally spaced withthehinged o nts of thecarricr members, for the purpose of retaining such ineiiibers-in p aral-- lel relaton'with'a line laterally ntersectingthe axes on which the levers swing; and,

the limits ofthe machine, comprising a pair oi carrier members lunged to respective pairs of-similar radius levers adapted .to swing iii) means for automatically swinging the levers.

' 10. In a-transferriiig device of the char-' acter described in' claim 9, frames pivoted to the carrier 'inei ibersand adapted to beene gaged by and to support'a stripper supporting aniouldedarticle. a I

11. Ina transferring device ofthecharam tor. described in claim 9, frame the carrier members and adapuedto be en pivoted -to gaged by and'to support a strippersupport v ing a moulded article;- and means for autoinatically securing the stripper to'the frames.

' 12. In a transferring device offthe character described inclaiin'S), frames pivoted to'the carrier members and adaptedto be engaged. v by and to support a stripper supporting a inoulded article; means for clamping the stripper to the carrierframes; and means for clamping the moulded article iiposition' to be transferred, the clamping means being automatically operative as the'transferring device is swung onits axes. r i r 13. In a transferring device of the character described in claim 9; frames pivoted to the carrier members and adapted. tobe en- .gaged by and to support a stripper supporting a moulded article; means for clamping the stripper to the carrier frames; means for clamping the moulded article in position to be transferred; and means operated through the swinging action of the levers, for automati-' cally clamping the stripper and the moulded article respectively, and means for reversing the article in transi i 14. In a transferring device of the charac' ter described in claiml) frames pivoted totlie carrier members and adapted to be engaged by and to support a strippersupporting a mouldedzarticle; means for clamping the stripper to the carrier frame; means "for clamping the'moulded article in position to be transferred; means operated through the swinging action of the lovers, for reversing the mould-ed article in transit ;aiid means automatically operating to release the article transferred; and meansfor automatically releasing the stripper from the carrier frames when in n'orn'ial position relative to the discharging device of the machine.

15. In'combination with a transferring device of the character described iiiclaim S, an

hydraulic device operatively connected to the transferring device and automatically controlled for the purpose of swingingthe trans ferring device from'normal position to a position in which the moulded article may be deposited beyond the limits of the machine,

and thereafter 'swingthe transferring de vice back to normal position.

1G. in a machine of the character described in claim 5, thecombination therewith of an? tomatically operating transferring mechanism to remove the formed article beyond the limits of the machine, and including a hydraulic actuating element; means connected with the discharging device of the machine by which the admission of water under presj sure to the hydraulic device for thepurpose of operating the transfer mechanism, is controlled. a

17. Inca transferring deviceofthe character described, and including afhydraulic actuating element, means connected'to and movable with the transferring device, by which the operation of the hydraulic action is automatically reversed when the transferringdia vice is swung to a position in which the moulded article may be deposited beyond the limits of the machine. 7

18. In a machine of the character described in claim 5, the combination therewith of atransferring device for depositing the dis chargedarticle beyond the limits of themachine including carrier members hingedto radius levers adapted to swing outwardly from be 'neath the discharge opening and at either end of the machine; connected frame members swiveled to the frame members and forms ing a cradle to support the stripper of the ma chine with its imposed formed shell when discharged from the 1l'l2LCl1lI16;'COI1I1Cl3Gd clamps adapted to clamp the stripper t0 the frame members, andmovable therewith; other connected clamps adapted to clamp a rack laid on the discharged shell thereto and rigid rela- 'tive to tl e stripper; means for automatically swinging the radius levers outwardly for the purposeof depositing the shell beyond the limits of the machine and returning the levers-to position in which the stripper may ticle in position to be transferred, means for swinging the lovers for the purpose of swinging the transferring device from normaliposition to a position in which the article may be deposited'beyond the liiiiits of the machine; in combination therewith, a member rigid with'swivel of thecradle fran'ies; abutments projecting from a standard of the machine secured to the swivehfor the purposeof re versing the loaded cradle as it is swung out wardly, and depositing the shell beyond the limits of the machine in reversed position.

" W. MGABDLE.

' and adapted to be engaged by the member 

